Ozonation in Water Treatment
Ozone was first used in water treatment in the late 1800s and ozone is more widely used in Europe and Asia than the United States.
Ozone is an unstable gas comprising of three oxygen atoms, the gas will readily degrade back to oxygen, and during this transition a free oxygen atom, or free radical form. The free oxygen radical is highly reactive and short lived, under normal conditions it will only survive for milliseconds.
The formation of oxygen into ozone occurs with the use of energy. This process is carried out by an electric discharge field as in the CD-type ozone generators (corona discharge simulation of the lightning), or by ultraviolet radiation as in UV-type ozone generators (simulation of the ultraviolet rays from the sun). In addition to these commercial methods, ozone may also be made through electrolytic and chemical reactions. In general, an ozonation system includes passing dry, clean air through a high voltage electric discharge, i.e., corona discharge, which creates and ozone concentration of approximately 1% or 10,000 mg/L. In treating small quantities of waste, the UV ozonation is the most common while large-scale systems use either corona discharge or other bulk ozone-producing methods. Ozone test strips a must.
Primary Advantages to Ozone 1. Ozone is effect over a wide pH range and rapidly reacts with bacteria, viruses, and protozoans and has stronger germicidal properties then chlorination. Has a very strong oxidizing power with a short reaction time. 2.The treatment process does not add chemicals to the water.
3. Ozone can eliminate a wide variety of inorganic, organic and microbiological problems and taste and odor problems. The microbiological agents include bacteria, viruses, and protozoans (such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium).
1. There are higher equipment and operational costs and it may be more difficult to find professional proficient in ozone treatment and system maintenance. 2. Ozonation provides no germicidal or disinfection residual to inhibit or prevent regrowth. 3. Ozonation by-products are still being evaluated and it is possible that some by-products by be carcinogenic. These may include brominated by-products, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. This is one reason that the post-filtration system may include an activate carbon filter. 4.The system may require pretreatment for hardness reduction or the additional of polyphosphate to prevent the formation of carbonate scale. 5.Ozone is less soluble in water, compared to chlorine, and, therefore, special mixing techniques are needed. 6.Potential fire hazards and toxicity issues associated with ozone generation. Learn More about ozone water treatment and other applications. Important tool: ORP Monitoring.
At Home Bacterial Testing Kit
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